Star Plots

Below is a star plot of crime rates in different cities around the US. Star plots are fairly complex to understand, but they are essentially used as a technique for graphical data anylsis. These various shapes represent specific data in a unique form.

Correlation Matrix

A correlation matrix can be used to find a correlation among all pairs of data sets within a study or experiment. The correlation matrix below shows genomes to phenomes within a set of livestock. Different colors are used along the grid to display the data.

Similarity Matrix

This similarity matrix illustrates the similarities between sets of 3D models. A similarity matrix can be used to find the overall amount of similarities between data sets. The data is broken down by the graph along with pictures on the side to reinforce the analysis.

Stem and Leaf Plot

Stem and leaf plots are used to organize numerical data in a list form. With this type of data organization it easy to pull a average, medium, or range of the data. The below stem and leaf plot provides numerical data of the per capita Gross National Product, or GNP, in Western Africa.

Box Plot

Box plots are most often used in statistics in order to display data indicating symmetry and central tendency. The below graph gives us a median of scores on a test by amount of anxiety. Surprisingly, this graph indicates that the students with the highest anxiety level scored better had a higher median than the other students with lower anxiety levels.

Histogram

A histogram is a type of bar graph that illustrates shows frequencises. Although it looks like a common bar graph in a histogram the bars connect and are defined by the upper and lower limits of the interval it is illustrating.

Parallel Coordinate Graph

A parallel coordinate graph helps find relationships among variables by graphing each variable on a vertical axis and the data is plotted as a connecting set of points. Below is a computer generated 2D parallel coordinate graph used as an example for a parallel coordinate graph software.

Triangular Plot

A triangle plot, or ternary plot, is a graph that finds the median of three variables through percentages. These graphs are most commonly used in studies involving the composition or texture of soil or rocks. The below graph has divided regions of the map to better identify different types of soil.

Wind Rose

A wind rose is a diagram that shows the distribution of wind speed and direction in a specific region or location. The below wind rose was created for the Seattle area by the Office of the Washington State Climatologist.

Climograph

A climograph is a bar graph and line graph that show monthly averages of temperatures and precipitation for a specific location. The below climograph of montreal allows us to gather data, such as:

• The average temperature 6.5°C
• Temperature range: 20°C
• Total precipitation: 940mm.
• Season of maximum precipitation: Summer

For more information visit: http://geography.ridley.on.ca/CGC1D/Students/Quebec2/Geo./Climographs.htm

Population Profile

This type of population profile, or population pyramid helps visualize the amount of people within a certain age group in different areas of the world. The vertical axis helps making comparisons easier because all bars are lined up together.

Lorenz Curve

The Lorenz curve graph is used in economics to illustrate the proportionality of a distribution. Below is an example of what each line and axis should have in order to create a Lorenz curve graph.

Bilateral Graph

A bilateral graph is generally any type of graph that helps you visualize the similarities or difference that two related variables share. Below is a graph that compares two similar models of "robot arms" while assembling a set of Legos.

Nominal Area Choropleth Map

A nominal area choropleth map typically has a color scheme to help illustrate the intensity of the nominal data being counted within the areas specified.
The different colors along the state are broken down into various sectors in order to better convey the given data.

Unstandardized Choropleth Map

A unstandardized choropleth map most generally applies the raw numbers of data on a graph with an x & y axis. On the below graph there is a line that strikes through the average of all the points to depict a positive or negative trend.

Standardized Choropleth Map

A standardized choropleth map is much more visual and easier to read than the unstandardized choropleth map. This map uses averages within specific areas of a larger location to illustrate the approximate intensity of the variable being measured.

Univariate Choropleth Map

Univariate choropleth maps are used to measure a single set of data. In the below graph it is very specifically measuring the amount of urban areas within the states. The different shades of gray are used to display the data appropriately in this case.

Bivariate Choropleth Map

A bivariate choropleth map is used to measure to sets of data to better visualize their similarities and differences. The below map uses two separate graphs to show both the univariate and bivariate data on the map.

Unclassed Choropleth Map

Unclassed choropleth maps do not use keys or legends to explain the data the shading of the data. This map was actually drawn to help visualize the proportion of children aged 0-15, using five classes based upon an equal bin interval classification scheme. Without the key it would be impossible to know which areas are more populated than others.

Classed Choropleth Map

A classed choropleth map helps understand a choropleth map much clearer than the unclassed choropleth map. This map uses a specific order to colors and applies a legend or key to label each color shown on the map. An example of this is how the red state stands out signifying the different data set up by the legend on the left hand side.

Range Graded Proportional Circle Map

This range graded proportional circle map uses the area of the circles to show their proportional to the channel width. The sizes of circle are what set this map apart from other circle maps. This specific map also uses color to indicate the color of the water, but that is not required for a range graded proportional circle map.

Remote Sensing

This is a screen shot of a remote sensing chart taken from GoogleEarth which shows the world population density. This global chart even comes with a built in key on the rotational globe.

Index Value Plot

This index value plot illustrates the average steamflow index by year. The index varies in between wet and dry. This plot gives an index value instead of an absolute value.

Scatterplot

A scatterplot is a two-dimensional graph that helps visualize the relationship between two variables, or bivariate data. This scatterplot illustrates the relationship between the ages of husband and wives.

Continuously Variable Proportional Circle Map

This type of proportional circle map uses circles to create point data. It uses both the sizes and the colors of the circles to give statistical information about an area.

DOQQ

This DOQQ map, or Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle, is a satelite image of Metromedia Square in Los Angeles, California. This aerial maps are used by the USGS and are specifically to map one quarter of a 7.5-minute quadrangle.

DEM

This is a DEM, or Digital Elevation Map, of the Big Bend National Park and the Big Bend Ranch State Natural Area. This map shows terrain elevation throughout both the park and the natural area usnig a type of infrared.

DLG

This DLG, or Digital Line Graph, represents Columbus, Georgia. In DLG maps the different lines signify differents parts land. DLG maps are useful topographic maps that are easy to read.

DRG

A DRG, or Digital Raster Graphic, map is a scanned image of a US Geological Survey standard series topographic map. This particular map is of the Emeral Bay State Park located in California twenty-two miles south of Tahoe City.

Isopleth

Below is an isopleth map that illustrates the amount of snow fall during the winter of 1981. This map connects points to create lines where there was an equal amount of snow fall.

Isopach

An isopach uses lines drawn on a map to join points of equal thickness throughout that region. Below is an illustration of the Earth with lines depicting the approximate thickness of ejecta on this part of the globe.

Isohyet

A isohyet map helps illustrate the amount of rainfall in one given area by connecting points that receive the same amount of rainfall. This is a map of South Tyne at Haydon Bridge located in Northumberland which is a county if the North East of England.

Isotach

The isotachs on this map illustrate the development of a mesolow in the Foothills of Raleigh, NC. This type of map is important for meteorologists during the developments of winter storms.

Isobar

Below is an isobar map of New Zealand and eastern Australia. This isobar map illustrates the connecting points of equal barometric pressure on a map and the latitude and longitude on a the map.

LIDAR

The University of California, Berkely performed a field study at the Savanna Oak Foundation is Vermount. The below map is a pulsed LIDAR, or Light Detection and Ranging, map that illustrates a three-dimensional image of the Savanna canopy structure.

Doppler Radar

This is a Doppler radar photograph of a hurricane on the edge of South Florida. Doppler radar helps meteorologists determine the speed and amount of precipitation of a hurricane. Doppler radars helps meteorologists everyday in determining the weather and severity of weather related natural disasters.

Black and White Aerial Photo

This is a black and white aerial photograph of Harrisburg, PA. The black and white large image makes it easy to find the perimeter of the park that has been traced with a white border. We can also easily map how large the Susquehanna River which divides downtown Harrisburg from the town on the west.

Infrared Aerial Photo

Below is an infrared photo taken of the Sacramento Deep Water Channel in California. Infrared photography can help us view changes in the environment. We can easily determine changing is vegetation and water.

Cartographic Animation

Below is a still shot of a cartographic animation that shows the amount of deaths by percentages in Nebraska county by four specific diseases. The diseases are cancer, cerebrovascular, heart disease, and chronic lung disease. Click on the picture below to see the java cartographic animation. In order to maneuver around the animation just bring the cursor over the key on the right side of the map.

Statistical Map

For this map we observe the different areas of the country being measured in regards to the rate of growth for the population. This map contains statistics in a unique pattern that displayed figures in such a manner that pinpoints exactly where the growth is occurring and how much of it is taking place.

Cartogram

This map is an illustration of the world's nation population in 2002. Cartogram maps are designed for statistical data by region. This map uses different colors, numbers the regions, and places actual statistical data on each region to make it very easy to understand.

Flow Map

Below is a flow map of migration from California from during 1995-2000. Most flow maps are drawn by hand, but this one was computer generated with sophisticated computer software in 2005 by Stanford University.

Isoline Map

In this isoline map the contouring lines depict the general areal distribution of precipitation. Isoline maps are made up of lines that join points of equal value. All of the lines in the below map signify a certain amount of precipitation between 50 to 4,000 mm.

Proportional Circle Map

This map displays small blue dots that signify different levels of population density. The proportional map contains areas on the map that show various ratios of population throughout that part of the state.

Choropleth Map

A choropleth map is a thematic map which can use a key to grade the amount on intesity in a cerain area. This choropleth map depicts the amount of hispanic or latinos within Florida. This map uses shades of green in order to demonstrate quantitative data taken during the 2003 Census.

Dot Distribution Map

This dot distribution map illustrates the population throughout the United States. Each dot signifies 7,500 people. These type of maps make it easy to depict highly populated areas because there are more white dots than black space in the populated areas.

Propaganda Map

A propaganda map is a map that essentially hold half truths or misinformation. In the below map their are advertising Nazi War Aims that showed evidence of Nazi's trying to take over. Obviously, this could of been true, but this map claims that this map was actually a secret Nazi map found that proved this rumor in 1957.

Hypsometric Map

A hypsometric map depicts the relief of earth’s surface by means of contours, form lines, hachures, shading, tinting, or relief models. This specific map uses colors to demonstrate the elevation throughout Canada.

PLSS Map

This Public Land Survey System (PLSS) map illustrates the principle meridians and base lines governing the U.S. public land surveys. This map was released by the U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management.